Integration Reverses Diff — Always +C
and both differentiate to — integration can't tell which constant was there, so always add .
Reflex: Power add 1, ÷ new power, ÷ inner coefficient, +C. Every time.
and both differentiate to — integration can't tell which constant was there, so always add .
Reflex: Power add 1, ÷ new power, ÷ inner coefficient, +C. Every time.
Integration has no product, quotient, or chain rule — expand, divide out, or rewrite as powers first.
Reflex: Make it a sum of / terms; the only 'technique' is algebra first.
Linear angles integrate directly; squares don't. Reflex: See a squared trig under ∫ → identity first; ∫tan doesn't exist here.
Rewrite first: , , . No AM integral for .
Reflex: Exponentials: copy, ÷ inner coefficient. ln: differentiate yes, integrate no.
Power +1, ÷ new power ÷ inner coefficient, +c. Power −1 breaks this (÷0) → ln instead. Reflex: Up-one-divide, ÷ inner coefficient, +c; power −1 → ln.